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The distributive trades sector, which is primarily accounted for by wholesale and retail trade, is not only economically important in its own right, but also relevant to monetary policy. Ultimately, it is retailers who set the actual prices of most consumer goods. They are the main interface...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011606280
inflation and macroeconomic imbalances, close economic and financial linkages with the euro area, as well as the perspective of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011606322
inflation and macroeconomic imbalances, close economic and financial linkages with the euro area, as well as the perspective of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012993712
This paper reviews the experience of the ECB with the two-tier system for excess reserve remuneration that exempted a portion of banks' excess liquidity (EL) holdings from the negative interest rate of the ECB's deposit facility. The two-tier system aimed to support the bank-based transmission...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013480191
TARGET balances have risen during the period of the Eurosystem's asset purchase programme (APP). The APP gives rise to substantial cross-border flows of reserves at the time of asset purchases and beyond, reflecting the interaction of decentralised monetary policy implementation and the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011804699
In July 2021 the Eurosystem decided to launch the investigation phase of the digital euro project, which aims to provide euro area citizens with access to central bank money in an increasingly digitalised world. While a digital euro could offer a wide range of benefits, it could prompt changes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013331900
In July 2021 the Eurosystem decided to launch the investigation phase of the digital euro project, which aims to provide euro area citizens with access to central bank money in an increasingly digitalised world. While a digital euro could offer a wide range of benefits, it could prompt changes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013289294
We explain how the external counterpart of the euro area M3 can be analysed by using the euro area balance of payments (b.o.p.). This is possible because the net external assets of the monetary financial institutions (MFIs) are present in two statistical frameworks that follow similar...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012521142
We explain how the external counterpart of the euro area M3 can be analysed by using the euro area balance of payments (b.o.p.). This is possible because the net external assets of the monetary financial institutions (MFIs) are present in two statistical frameworks that follow similar...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012841808
The start of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) has spurred a new interest in the debate on the effects of monetary unions on regional economic integration. This literature either investigates past episodes of monetary unions or attempts to gauge any effect with a few years of EMU...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011606192