This paper compares technologies across space and time on the basis of factual and counterfactual substitution elasticities and argues that differences in estimated substitution elasticities should be decomposed into two counterfactual components. While the first component is designed to...

Ziel dieser Studie ist die Schätzung des Energieverbrauchs privater Haushalte in Deutschland für die Jahre 2011 bis 2013 mittels einer Stichprobenerhebung, die mittlerweile auf einem aus rund 15 000 Haushalten bestehenden repräsentativen Panel des forsa-Instituts basiert. Die Haushalte werden...

This paper deals with a special type of voluntary approach to protect the environment, for example, that we would like to term voluntary commitment. Its major characteristic is that it represents a unilateral declaration without a decisively active role of regulators. In other words, voluntary...