Maurer and Scotchmer (2002) pointed out that patents may be inferior to other forms of intellectual property in that the independent invention is not a defence to infringement. The authors' analysis refers to situations in which there is an unlimited number of potential entrants by independent...

This paper tests the Nelson-Phelps hypothesis with recently developed panel cointegration tests and new cross-country datasets. The empirical results give evidence that all types of education are important for TFP growth and that there is an interaction between education and the distance to the...

Maurer and Scotchmer (2002) pointed out that patents may be inferior to other forms of intellectual property in that the independent invention is not a defence to infringement. The authors' analysis refers to situations in which there is an unlimited number of potential entrants by independent...

The paper contributes to the literature on gender-based disparity in human capital by extending existing results on educational attainment to the number of years of experience that female vs. male managers have among informal or unregistered firms. Using the case of Rwanda, results show that the...

Using panel data for more than 80 countries from 1999-2007 this paper studies the marginal effect of education on the shadow economy, particularly considering the quality of institutions. The results show that higher levels of education fuel the shadow economy in an environment of weak political...