This study considers the anti-competitive effect of fixed-fee pricing, such as the one seen in a recent antitrust case in Japan. We show that fixed-fee pricing has stronger exclusionary effect than the per-use pricing's exclusionary effect. However, the restriction on usage of fixed-fee pricing...

This paper examines the optimal licensing scheme when the number of licensees is determined endogenously. We demonstrate that a license holder obtains monopoly profit even if the license holder uses only a fixed fee as long as the marginal cost is constant. Furthermore, we show that under free...

This paper examines the effects of exclusive dealing contracts offered by an incumbent distributor to an incumbent manufacturer with entrants in both manufacturing and distribution sectors. It is well-known that a potential entry threat is welfare increasing under homogenous price competition,...

The paper considers a cost-reducing investment by the public sector. We compare the investment in the public monopoly to that in the mixed oligopoly. Without specifications of the demand and cost functions, we show that the investment in the public monopoly is higher thanthat in the mixed...

This note provides an axiomatic analysis of a social welfare ordering over infinite utility streams. We offer two characterizations of an infinite-horizon version of the Nash criterion.

We investigate the privatization policy of an industry where the production process generates emissions. We show that the high degree of negative externality leads to production substitution from the public firm to private firms. Moreover, we show that, if the degree of negative externality is...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the public sector's cost-reducing investment when there exists the effect of R&D spillover. We show that the investment in the mixed oligopoly is not higher than that in the public monopoly. When the cost-reducing effect of investment for each firm is the...

We investigate the privatization policy of an industry where the production process generates emissions. We show that the high degree of negative externality leads to production substitution from the public firm to private firms. Moreover, we show that, if the degree of negative externality is...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the public sector's cost-reducing investment when there exists the effect of R&D spillover. We show that the investment in the mixed oligopoly is not higher than that in the public monopoly. When the cost-reducing effect of investment for each firm is the...

The paper considers a cost-reducing investment by the public sector. We compare the investment in the public monopoly to that in the mixed oligopoly. Without specifications of the demand and cost functions, we show that the investment in the public monopoly is higher thanthat in the mixed...