The paper contributes to the literature on gender-based disparity in human capital by extending existing results on educational attainment to the number of years of experience that female vs. male managers have among informal or unregistered firms. Using the case of Rwanda, results show that the...

This empirical note complements the qualitative and theoretical research on positive household stigma towards child labor. We use data from Guatemala and two instruments for measuring stigma: a child's indigenous background and household head's childhood work experience. We then adopt binomial...

We reconsider the effect of economic development on urban unemployment by introducing households with nonhomothetic preferences into a sector-specific capital version of the Harris–Todaro model. Contrary to previous studies, this work shows that urban unemployment decreases with urban...

This paper examines how child labor rates within three broadly defined sectors (agriculture, manufacturing and services) are individually impacted by each sector's export activity. I utilize newly available survey data which quantify sector-level child labor activities. I do not find evidence...

This paper aims to analyze the relationship between institutional quality, corruption level, and economic development. The methodology makes use of cross-national data developed by the World Bank on perceived levels of corruption, institutional framework quality and economic development to test...

Using state level personal income, we empirically demonstrate the importance of economic development and diversification for the changes in volatility. We show that volatility of income growth is initially decreasing in the level of income and the degree of diversification. Yet, as state income...

This paper examines whether countries with higher income have less corruption. Earlier studies, utilizing pure cross-section regressions, establish a strong association between income and corruption but do not consider factors (presumably, long-run historical factors) that simultaneously could...