This paper applies a pairwise approach to investigate the validity of the law of one price in the crude oil markets. Price differentials appear smaller between crude oil pairs with similar physical/chemical characteristics and also for pairs within OPEC.

We apply a pair-wise approach to test the law of one price for deposit (lending) rates in Colombia. We find that when banks are of different sizes, deposit rates adjust quickly, suggesting a competitive environment. By contrast, lending rates adjust rapidly when banks are of similar sizes,...

The cross-sectionally augmented IPS (CIPS) test of Pesaran (2007) is extended for a three-dimensional (3D) panel. This 3D-CIPS test is correctly sized. However, a bootstrapped IPS test has better power performance than the 3D-CIPS, except for high levels of cross-sectional dependency.