Different support instruments for renewable energy expose investors differently to market risks. This has implications on the attractiveness of investment. We use mean–variance portfolio analysis to identify the risk implications of two support instruments: feed-in tariffs and feed-in...

The paper discusses the energy consumption and energy saving potential for a major energy-intensive product in the chemical industry-ammonia, based on technologies currently in use and possible process improvements. The paper consists of four parts. In the first part, mainly references to...

As an example of a new communication technology that has reached a high penetration rate within only a few years, this article looks at the energy demand of mobile phone services in Germany. Mobile phone services combine two trends of modern communication technologies — mobility and...