-cylinder geometry affect the in-cylinder flow field and the mixing processes taking place in an Otto (spark-ignition) engine. The model … conditions. To investigate the fuel–air mixing process, hydrogen is injected in the intake manifold. To evaluate the model three … case studies are examined. First, the model is applied to simulate the external mixing in the intake manifold with a tee …

as starch source. The industrial fermenters have diameters and liquid levels between 6 and 16 m. The mixing of the ….3–0.7 Pa s, and a solids concentration of about 25–30 wt%. Mixing is commonly achieved by the combined action of an external … recycle flow, and the gas-induced mixing by CO2-bubbles formed during the bio-reaction. To avoid solids sedimentation, flat …