A large amount of low grade energy is often wasted without heat recovery in the process industry. Over-the-fence heat integration for district heating (DH) can be suggested to utilize this waste heat and therefore alleviate the carbon footprint of the integrated energy system. The economic...

An optimisation model for the composition of mixed working fluids for (Organic Rankine Cycles) ORCs and Kalina cycles has been developed. The temperatures investigated were 100 °C–250 °C for the heat source and 30 °C for the heat sink. The optimisation method of the composition was...