Renewable energy is defined as the contribution of renewables to total primary energy supply (TPES). Renewables include the primary energy equivalent of hydro (excluding pumped storage), geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave sources. Energy derived from solid biofuels, biogasoline, biodiesels,...

Addressing recent environmental regulations on fossil fuel power systems and both biomass fuel supply and coal greenhouse gas issues, biomass/coal co-gasification could provide a feasible transition solution for power plants. In the quest for an even more sustainable process, steam...

Facing the mounting pressures of meeting energy and environment needs and reducing its dependence for fossil fuels, China needs to make more effort to develop renewable energy. This paper attempts to use portfolio theory to optimize China's overall energy system with considering the learning...

This study evaluates a proposed investment in wind power generation using real options from the regulatory framework applicable to the German market (Europe's largest producer of renewable energy). For this evaluation, we have modelled the primary uncertainties affecting the project and we have...

Policy uncertainty can be a powerful deterrent to immediate investments. Based on panel data of 214 licenses to construct small run-of-the-river hydropower plants, we examine whether the prospect of a common Swedish–Norwegian market for green certificates (i.e., a renewable portfolio standard...

The present study uses the DHW (domestic hot water) electric backup from solar thermal systems to optimize the total electricity dispatch of an isolated mini-grid. The proposed approach estimates the hourly DHW load, and proposes and simulates different DR (demand response) strategies, from the...

A renewable energy-based multi-generation system is developed and studied energetically and exergetically. Two renewable sources of energy, biomass and geothermal, are combined to deliver five useful outputs for residential applications. The energy products from biomass sources are used to drive...

Recent regulatory sharp curbs on coal power plants have compelled industries to adopt alternative sources of fuels. Biomass/fossil fuel co-gasification could be a pathway through more sustainable energy production technologies. As a basis for co-gasification study, the characteristics of...

Energy security is sometimes used to advocate renewable energy systems. Renewable energy systems can improve some aspects of security, but they will not automatically lead to the removal of all types of security problems and new problems will most certainly arise. This paper analyses energy...

It has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. In order to stop global warming and to promote sustainable development, renewable energy is a perfect solution to achieve both targets. Presently million hectares of land...