Ben Abdeljelil, Mouna; Rault, Christophe; Belaïd, Fateh - 2023
the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) over the recent period. Our methodology relies on four recent estimation methods for … non-stationary panel data and includes four pollutants (two global and two local). Two main results emerge from our … analysis. First, the EKC does not hold for most pollutants, and its validity crucially depends on the estimation techniques …