Our paper presents the first attempt to examine the non-linear relationship between the trade value of environmental commodities (TVEC) and energy security (ESP). Seven indicators are used in this article to illustrate four aspects of energy security, namely availability, acceptability,...

Our paper is the first attempt to examine the non-linear relationship between global value chains (GVC) participation and energy security performance (ESP). This article utilizes seven indicators to reflect four aspects of energy security, including availability, acceptability, develop-ability,...

Our paper is the first attempt to analyze the environmental consequences and energy security of foreign aid in Vietnam during the 1987-2019 period. We apply various modern econometric techniques, including the multivariate Wavelet model and an extended time-varying vector autoregression...