The one-sided credit-to-GDP gap -- measured as the difference between the level of private nonfinancial sector credit-to-GDP and its one-sided Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filtered trend (with λ=400,000) -- is a prominent variable in the decision-making framework proposed by the BCBS for the Basel III...

This note uses bank-level answers to the Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices (SLOOS) to investigate the relation between levels and changes in lending standards reported by banks. We provide evidence that banks' responses about levels and changes in standards are...

In this note, we explore the link between indicators of financial imbalances and macroeconomic performance, focusing on the experience of the United States. In an accompanying note, The Relationship between Macroeconomic Overheating and Financial Vulnerability: A Narrative Investigation, we...

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a large shock to economies and financial systems around the world. In the beginning, as governments introduced unprecedented measures to contain the quickly spreading virus and households hunkered down to socially distance from one another, output plummeted,...