'agglomeration in a system of cities' in which both intra-city trade and inter-city trade are considered. Enriching both the … economic (i.e. intensity of trade) integration, the higher is the magnitude of the inefficiency. From a theoretical point of …

trade elasticities. The elasticities we compute depend directly on the specialization of trade across sectors, which is … North Macedonia - i.e. trade elasticities relevant to policy - and ultimately to calibration choices. The income and price …

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are increasingly dealing with challenges shaped by the new geopolitical and trade … technical barriers to trade (TBTs) and sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures. Although trade costs associated with these … international network of subsidiaries, and those that are located in trading partners with deep preferential trade agreements can …

exchange rate volatility. Eventually, the model offers a solution to the exchange rate disconnection puzzle. …

than 100,000 Chinese exporters over the period 2000-2006. We confirm a trade-deterring effect of RER volatility. We find …This paper studies how firm-level export performance is affected by Real Exchange Rate (RER) volatility and … with higher exchange rate volatility and that this effect is magnified for financially vulnerable firms. As expected …

This paper examines co-movements and volatility spillovers in the returns of the euro, the British pound, the Swiss … significant co-movements and volatility spillovers across the four exchange returns, but their extend is, on average, lower in the … latter period. Return co-movements and volatility spillovers show large variability though, and are positively associated …