While patent systems have been widely used both historically and internationally, there is nonetheless a tremendous … amount of controversy over whether patent systems – in practice – improve the alignment between private returns and social … contributions. In this paper, I describe three parameters – how the disclosure function affects research investments, how patent …

This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main … characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross … the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European …

institutional change benefitted patent holders, explains the burst in U.S. patenting. Using both international and" domestic data on … patent applications and awards, we conclude that the evidence is not favorable" to the conventional view. Instead, it appears … that the jump in patenting reflects an increase in" U.S. innovation spurred by changes in the management of research …

We consider the differential incentives of the North and the South to provide patent protection to innovating firms in … development of technologies most suited to their needs. This provides a motive for the South to provide patent protection even … global planner will set equal rates of patent protection only when it weights the welfare of the two regions equally. We find …

This paper summarizes a number of studies which use patent data to examine different aspects of technological change … estimation of the value of patent rights based on European patent renewal data; and describes the use of patent data to estimate … the importance of R&D spillovers. It concludes that patent data represent a valuable resource for the analysis of …

While policymakers often assume venture capital has a profound impact on innovation, that premise has not been … address concerns that these results are an artifact of our use of patent counts by demonstrating similar patterns when other … measures of innovation are used in a sample of 530 venture-backed and non-venture-backed firms …