The lockdowns and stimulus programmes that governments have adopted to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated economic crisis have affected the distribution of income and production within and between countries. Considering both, current evidence indicates that the EU-wide and global...

Many experts expect Portugal's and Spain's integration into the EC to have a basically negative effect on their economies. Positive effects are expected essentially to be a result of the EC's aid programmes. An indication as to how far the aid will in fact help to promote adjustment and...