The so-called first and second gene-ration models focus on fundamentals as the main cause of a crisis. During the 1990s many developing economies underwent structural reforms, which lead to an improvement of those fundamentals. Hence, at that time, the stability of the domestic financial systems...

This paper introduces a fuzzy forestry investment decision-making tool based. It will be applied to choose optimal levels of investment when three possible scenarios are conceived, a base case and two extreme alternatives: optimistic and pessimistic. Decision-makers can be seen as being either...