importance of the interactions and linkages among acteurs and institutions involved in innovation and technology development of a … country and calls such a web of interaction a national innovation system. The theoretical and empirical analyses on national … systems of innovation lead to the conclusion that countries differ in the way in which knowledge flows and that innovation …

The paper develops an oligopoly model of innovation and applies it to data from the Mannheim Innovation Panel. The … complexity, etc. are important determinants of overall innovation expenditures, but not for R&D specifically. If legal protection … affect the innovation activity of the firm. Specification tests derived from the theoretical model do not lead to a rejection …

This paper deals with the innovation behavior and the R&D activities at the firm level in East Germany. The theoretical … innovation and R&D lack at the firm level. …

Innovation processes toward sustainable development (eco-innovations) have received increasing attention during the … need can be identified to improve our understanding of innovation processes toward sustainability in their different … (co-)evolutionary approaches from environmental and innovation economics to fill this gap. It is argued that both …

innovation. While previous studies have often considered patents and trade secrets as substitutes for one another, we investigate … the complementary role of the two protection methods. We identify protection strategies for single innovation firms and … for the same innovation or for different innovations. Employing firm panel data from Germany, we find fairly few …