Survey-based consumer confidence indicators are mostly reported with a delay and are a result of time consuming and expensive consumer surveys. In this study, to measure the current consumer confidence in Germany, we develop an approach, in which we compute the consumer sentiment using public...

Political competition, party strategy and communication in the era of social media are growing issues. Due to the increasing social media presence of parties and voters alike, direct communication is more important for party competition. This paper aims to improve the methodological approach...