in industries where technological and organizational innovation is important. Indeed a large literature has grown up on … ways they evolve over time. Another domain concerns the nature of competition in such industries, wherein innovation and … briefly flag some fundamental aspects of economic growth and development as an innovation-driven evolutionary process. …

nineteenth century, most notably in geographically localized industrial districts. This collective system of innovation was … inventors, distributed across organizations and spanning distant locations. We draw on literatures in economics, innovation …