This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … surveys such as the “innovation survey” of firms and the inventor survey. They have deepened our understanding of the …

After presenting the history, the evolution and the content of innovation surveys, we discuss the characteristics of … have been made of these data: the construction of scoreboards for monitoring innovation and the scholarly analysis of … various issues related to innovation. In particular, we review the questions examined and the results obtained regarding the …