We estimate import processing costs based on the time it takes to import. Our theory extends existing time-cost measures to account for uncertainty in import processing. We use detailed, highly disaggregated data on import processing dates and import values to provide evidence for our theory and...

As Latin America and the Caribbean bounce back from a sanitary crisis of historic proportions, the search is on for policies that can accelerate recovery while boosting longterm growth. In a scenario of tight fiscal constraints, trade and integration (T&I) policies seem to fit this description....

Online Technical Appendix to "The Reorganization of Global Value Chains: What's in it for Latin America and the Caribbean?" It describes in more detail the data sources, the empirical strategy; and presents a series of robustness checks.