Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that the act of voting makes people more positive toward the party or candidate … turnout provided by the voting age restriction. I improve on previous studies by investigating political attitudes, measured … just before elections, when they are highly predictive of voting. In contrast to earlier studies I find no effect of voting …

nationalist voting and increases the center-left vote share. This effect is partly due to manufacturing spillovers and demographic …

her party-line. A district-election does not affect roll call voting behavior causally, possibly due to overall high … adherence to party voting. Analyzing the parliamentary speeches of each MP allows us to overcome the high party discipline with … regard to parliamentary voting. Using textual analysis and machine learning techniques, we create two measures of closeness …