This paper sets up guidelines for the use of alternative summary measures in the appraisal of fiscal policy under differing conditions with respect to both the economy and the objectives of policy. The frequently employed budget balance rule for evaluating fiscal policy is rejected as being of...

Tax evasion is universal. It depends on the economic and tax structures, types of income, and social attitudes. The theory of tax evasion has limitations since it rests solely on attitudes toward risk, with full information regarding the tax administration's behavior. Methodologies for...

The cash-flow tax has been proposed as an alternative to the corporate income tax on grounds that it would define the tax base more clearly and more simply in the face of widespread departures from the comprehensive income tax of actual practice. The cash-flow tax, and its variants, would...