curves and an inability to offer deposit rates significantly below zero combine to compress bank earnings in this environment …

). Firm-level SME data and sectoral corporate balance sheets show that many SMEs have faced structural challenges of high … support measures should be phased out and SME restructuring be accelerated. Efforts are also needed to deepen capital markets … SME weaknesses would improve private investment, enhance firm productivity, and lift growth …

bank funding costs and borrower leverage matter for firms' access to finance. Increases in bank funding costs and borrowers …

(SMEs) in the world. The paper provides empirical evidence on the drivers of SME access to finance for a large sample of … development and better governance would help close the SME financial inclusion gap between MENAP and CCA regions and the best …

countries with higher SME financial inclusion exhibit more effective monetary policy transmission and tax collection. Second, we … higher for SMEs. We also obtain evidence of a substantial positive impact on SME employment and labor productivity growth … employment and growth gains from SME financial inclusion, which appear larger in the Middle East and Central Asia than in other …

millions of small firms. By analyzing 1.8 million loan transactions of a leading Chinese online bank, this paper compares the … fintech approach to assessing credit risk using big data and machine learning models with the bank approach using traditional …

This paper assesses the impact of the geographic diversification of bank holding company (BHC) assets across the United … States on their market valuations. Using two novel identification strategies based on the dynamic process of interstate bank …

This paper presents recent trends in bank ownership across countries and summarizes the evidence regarding the … implications of bank ownership structure for bank performance and competition, financial stability, and access to finance. The … the impact of government bank ownership suggests few benefits, especially for developing countries …

A recent World Bank enterprise survey identified access to finance as the top constraint to Doing Business in Nigeria …