Five years into the ongoing and tragic conflict, the paper analyzes how Syria's economy and its people have been … set the country back decades in terms of economic, social and human development. Syria's GDP today is less than half of … what it was before the war started and it could take two decades or more for Syria to return to its pre-conflict GDP levels …

energy/environmental tax systems in Germany, Sweden, Turkey, and Vietnam suggests that there is substantial scope for policy …

policy uncertainty (EPU) index for Turkey and assess how it affects Turkish firms. To disentangle the issues of endogeneity …

Persistently high inflation rates have led many to believe that inflation in Turkey has become "inertial," posing an … persistence in Turkey is lower than in Brazil and Uruguay prior to their successful stabilization programs. More significantly …

, Mexico, and Turkey. For each country, we estimate a vector autoregression (VAR) that includes fiscal and macroeconomic …

the role of exchange rates in supporting growth and restoring external balance. In this paper, we use Turkey---a large and …

,890 districts. We find that mineral discoveries and productions positively affect educational IM for primary education in Africa for …