credit. We find evidence that informality is robustly and significantly associated with lower access to and use of bank … credit. We also find that higher tax compliance costs reduce firms' reliance on bank credit, while a stronger quality of the … legal environment is associated with higher access to credit even for financially opaque informal firms. An interactive term …

We study the characteristics of credit booms in emerging and industrial economies. Macro data show a systematic … relationship between credit booms and economic expansions, rising asset prices, real appreciations and widening external deficits …. Micro data show a strong association between credit booms and leverage ratios, firm values, and banking fragility. We also …

credit. We find evidence that informality is robustly and significantly associated with lower access to and use of bank … credit. We also find that higher tax compliance costs reduce firms' reliance on bank credit, while a stronger quality of the … legal environment is associated with higher access to credit even for financially opaque informal firms. An interactive term …

expansion of this market. We show that lending standards declined more in areas that experienced larger credit booms and house …

are experiencing credit booms. This paper analyzes the role of foreign-owned banks in these credit booms. The results show …

The paper discusses the role the financial sector can play in supporting growth in Japan. While overall credit … conditions have been accommodative, credit growth has remained weak, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs …, particularly for those with low credit worthiness. These challenges are closely related to low availability of riskcapital and the …