Total pollution emitted by U.S. manufacturers declined over the past 30 years by about 60 percent, even though real manufacturing output increased 70 percent. This improvement must result from a combination of two trends: (1) changes in production or abatement processes (quot;technologyquot;);...

Die Klimapolitik kann nicht mehr nur aus Klimaschutzmaßnahmen bestehen, sondern muss auch heute schon Anpassungsmaßnahmen an die Folgen des Klimawandels ergreifen. Diese Maßnahmen können einander unterstützen, aber auch gegenläufig wirken. In einer systematischen Aufstellung werden die...

Die drückende Finanznot vieler Kommunen lässt Wissenschaft und Praxis nach einer grundsätzlichen Lösung der Schuldenproblematik suchen. Dabei rückt zunehmend das Insolvenzverfahren für Kommunen in den Fokus. Es wird als eher marktwirtschaftlichautonom wirkender Lösungsmechanismus den...

We study the impact of online degree programs on the market for U.S. higher education. Online degree programs increase the competitiveness of local education markets by providing additional options in areas that previously only had a small number of brick-and-mortar schools. We show that local...

Exploiting geological variation within shale deposits and timing in the initiation of hydraulic fracturing, this paper finds that allowing fracing leads to sharp increases in oil and gas recovery and improvements in a wide set of economic indicators. At the same time, estimated...

We use 130 years of data on historical migrations to the United States to show a causal effect of the ancestry composition of US counties on foreign direct investment (FDI) sent and received by local firms. To isolate the causal effect of ancestry on FDI, we build a simple reduced-form model of...

Yes, it did. We use exogenous variation in banks' incentives to conform to the standards of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) around regulatory exam dates to trace out the effect of the CRA on lending activity. Our empirical strategy compares lending behavior of banks undergoing CRA exams...

This paper investigates the effect of local immigration enforcement regimes on the migration decisions of the foreign born. Specifically, the analysis uses individual level American Community Survey data to examine the effect of recent 287(g) agreements which allow state and local law...