since the global financial crisis, which have limited arbitrage opportunities and country-specific factors that contribute …

This paper investigates the determinants of bank funding costs for a sample of internationally active banks from 2001 …–12. We find that changes in banks’ unsecured funding costs are associated with bank-specific characteristics such as an … subprime crisis and the Euro Area sovereign debt crisis—have also been key drivers of the sharp rise in bank funding costs. We …

We investigate whether low loan-to-deposit (LTD) ratios and high levels of reserve balances at the central bank (or … to lend or sometimes weak investment demand in uncertain environments. We examine changes to central bank (CB) balance … unsterilized increases in FX. Third, CB policy decisions seem to be accompanied by an increase in commercial bank reserve money …

bond returns are high. At the bank level, bondholdings correlate negatively with subsequent lending during sovereign …

policy surprises, we do not detect clear effects of monetary easing on bank stock valuation but find a deterioration of … medium-term bank credit risk in the United States, the euro area, and the United Kingdom. Second, in panel regressions using … U.S. banks’ balance sheet information, we show that bank profitability and risk taking are ambiguously affected, while …

This paper examines bank credit growth in emerging markets before, during, and after the 2008-09 financial crisis using … bank-level data, focusing on the role of bank ownership. Credit growth by foreign banks lagged behind that of domestic …

characterized by increasing banks’ net interest margins, foreign bank participation and consolidation. In line with findings in the …