Measuring and managing exchange rate risk exposure is important for reducing a firm''s vulnerabilities from major … traditional types of exchange rate risk faced by firms, namely transaction, translation and economic risks, presents the VaR … approach as the currently predominant method of measuring a firm''s exchange rate risk exposure, and examines the main …

We analyze a range of macrofinancial indicators to extract signals about cyclical systemic risk across 107 economies … patterns over the financial cycle. We find that liquidity and solvency risk indicators tend to be counter-cyclical, whereas … mispricing risk ones are procyclical, and they all lead the credit cycle. Our results lend support to high-level accounts that …

simulations of natural disasters and various insurance options, we find that sovereign decisions on optimal risk transfer involve … balancing trade-offs between growth and debt, based on government risk preferences and country risk exposure. The choice of …

rate risk in the market (i.e. high volatility). Market impairment or overshoot of exchange rate between two equilibria … could generate high volatility and threaten financial stability due to unhedged exposure to exchange rate risk in the … economy. The rule uses the concept of Value at Risk (VaR) to define FXI triggers. While it provides to the market a hedge …

portfolio theory without recourse to market imperfections. It also demonstrates that “Value-at-Risk” portfolio management rules … optimal to sell many higher-risk assets when a shock to one asset occurs …

the constant volatility case. In particular, it can shift CTM probabilities towards lower credit risk categories …

measurement of reinvested earnings and illustrative examples as to recording, from the Fund’s Balance of Payments Compilation …