This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of non-monetary transactions in Russia, drawing on a large enterprise …

This paper examines the causes of the large buildup of enterprise arrears in Russia during 1992, and evaluates policy …

In 1992 Russia unified the multiple exchange rates that had applied to international transactions. This paper describes … the multiple exchange rate system that existed in Russia prior to mid-1992 and undertakes a theoretical exploration of the … foreign exchange markets of changes in the types of policy instruments associated with Russia’s exchange rate regime reform …

In this paper we examine economic disparities across regions in Russia and offer a theoretical treatment of various …

Dollarization in Russia increased rapidly during the early 1990s, but failed to come down in the second half of the … ratio. The model is estimated using a new source of data on dollar currency holdings in Russia. On the basis of these …

This paper argues that structural weaknesses may make private investment particularly sensitive to business confidence … relative to other traditional investment drivers and global shocks. It gauges the importance of confidence over recent years in …, including a set of investment drivers (interest rates, unit labor costs, and confidence) is analyzed. The findings suggest that …