The Directive on Restructuring and Insolvency sets minimum standards for restructuring and certain insolvency matters … restructuring models in Europe. These options reveal different policy approaches to the regulation of restructuring and insolvency …. The analysis in this paper aims to illustrate the breadth of the policy choices and their consequences for restructuring …

This paper presents twelve budget institutions that can support planning and delivery of credible fiscal strategies in … budget institutions compared to the G-20 advanced and emerging market economies. The paper then presents recommendations for … designing and implementing appropriate fiscal strategy for low- income countries. Particular attention is paid to prioritization …

Fiscal impulse measures are used in the WEO and elsewhere to indicate the changing impact of the budget on the economy …. Such measures are intended to provide more accurate indications of whether the budget is becoming more or less expansionary … than would just observing moments in the actual budget balance. However, they have been criticized for lacking an …

substantially above its current level could be a desirable objective and that a large federal budget surplus could be needed to that …

changes in tariff revenue, and through the sensitivity of the budget to induced changes in the exchange rate and in the level … and distribution of income and employment. This paper discusses the effects of liberalization on the budget, which may … liberalization even if longer-term benefits could be realized. Long-run budget gains are more likely when the tax and transfer …

their contingent liabilities. When these liabilities are called, budget costs can be large, as evidenced by the United …