are derived by combining figures from different estimation methods. We describe and discuss the strengths and weaknesses … of the different estimation methods. We find that the growth of the shadow economy—which is now remarkably large in the …

exports of all five broad categories of the U.K.'s financial and insurance services. No trade barriers are found for the bulk … suggests that post-Brexit disruptions of the U.K.'s export of financial and insurance services may be minor …

Insurance enterprises provide services, called insurance services, to policyholders. The values of such services are … discusses the treatment of insurance services, and related transactions, in the balance of payments. A simple measure, based on … a number of assumptions, of nonlife insurance services is considered. The assumptions underlying this measure are then …

In this paper, we examine how the presence of country insurance schemes affects policymakers'' incentives to undertake … reform in crisis-prone volatile economies. The consequences of country insurance, however, hinge on the nature of the reforms … ultimately discouraged by, insurance. By contrast, ""enhancing"" reforms that pay off more generously in the absence of a crisis …

the country’s insurance against the greater riskiness in its income stream. The paper tests this implication for a large …