The importance of SMEs in Europe's innovation process can be seen in both the academic and the political arena. Adopted … to their inputs into the innovation process. In particular, we draw attention to SMEs that contribute the most to the …

manufacturing sectors. To date, companies increasingly rely on outside innovation for new products and processes and have become … more active in licensing and selling results of their innovation to third parties. At the same time, they may rely on the …

European Industrial Research and Innovation Scoreboard with the fDi Markets dataset, we find supporting evidence. Increasing …

that the sunk costs of innovation are lower when collaborating with a research partner, and that a firm's probability of … investing in R&D or innovation increases with the level of productivity, only when collaborating in R&D and innovation. We also … find that the sunk costs of innovation are 1.5 to 3 times lower than the sunk costs of R&D. Additionally, it can be seen …

appears to be the most suitable model for assessing the impact of R&D and innovation policies over time, as it is the only … sectors and environmental issues, GEM-E3 appears to be the most suitable model for assessing the impact of innovation in clean … energy. For a more detailed modelling of different types of innovation measures, NEMESIS can provide valuable insights thanks …