from countries with different social contexts: Japan, the United States, China, and India. This research added contextual …

and equity, we evaluate the past and present structure of Japan's consumption and income taxes, we consider the role of … reconstruction, and finally, we make policy recommendations based on our findings. We find that the structure of Japan's current … will simultaneously improve both the efficiency and equity of Japan's tax system. …

We analyze the impact of population aging on Japan's household saving rate and on its public pension system and the … impact of that system on Japan's household saving rate and obtain the following results: first, the age structure of Japan …'s population can explain the level of, and past and future trends in, its household saving rate; second, the rapid aging of Japan …

social contexts: Japan, the United States, and China. This research uncovered three major findings. First, the speed of … lessens people's levels of anxiety about their older years in Japan and the United States. Third, living with a child does not …

negative for those who report greater income comparison intensity. A self-reported measure of others' income does better than …

survey conducted in China, India, Japan, and the United States. It finds striking inter-country differences in bequest plans …

their children than those who do not using data for Japan and the United States. The estimation results show that the … bequests to their own children in both Japan and the United States, which in turn is likely to contribute to the persistence or …

Employing the Japan-U.S. international survey, this study analyzed the cause of rising perception of the widening … income gap in Japan. Between these two countries, their distinct value judgments on the substance of gap influence their … background or luck though it should not be. Such Employing the Japan-U.S. international survey, this study analyzed the cause of …

guidance about the possible negative consequences of one making such an income comparison -- leads UK respondents to make more …