Germany, we find that works councils affect wage growth only in combination with collective bargaining. Wage adjustments to …) reaction to rising and falling unemployment. In contrast, wage growth in establishments without collective bargaining adjusts … only to falling unemployment and is unaffected by rising unemployment. -- wage cyclicality ; wage bargaining ; works …

the regional unemployment rate. In testing this hypothesis, most empirical studies have not taken into account that …-scale linked employer-employee data set for western Germany, this paper provides a first test of the relevance of different … wages with respect to unemployment postulated by Blanchflower and Oswald. In this regime, we also find that works councils …

that for women low-wage jobs can serve as stepping stones out of unemployment and are to be preferred to staying unemployed … aus der Arbeitslosigkeit dienen können und dass sie eine bessere Alternative darstellen als arbeitslos zu bleiben und auf …