This study analyzes real wage cyclicality for male full-time workers within employer-employee matches in Germany over … the period 1984-2004. Five different wage measures are compared: the standard hourly wage rate; hourly wage earnings … including overtime and bonus pay; the effective wage, which takes into account unpaid overtime; and monthly earnings, with and …

wages for male workers within employer-employee matches over the period 1984-2004, and compare different wage measures: the … standard hourly wage rate, hourly wage earnings including overtime and bonus payments, and the effective wage, which takes into … account not only paid overtime, but also unpaid working hours. None of the hourly wage measures is shown to exhibit …

wages for male workers within employer-employee matches over the period 1984-2004, and compare different wage measures: the … standard hourly wage rate, hourly wage earnings including overtime and bonus payments, and the effective wage, which takes into … account not only paid overtime, but also unpaid working hours. None of the hourly wage measures is shown to exhibit …

' wages only. Findings for personality traits are more heterogeneous. There however is a robust wage penalty for an external …

' wages only. Findings for personality traits are more heterogeneous. There however is a robust wage penalty for an external …

Empirical studies on the earnings effects of tobacco use have found significant wage penalties attached to smoking. We … the literature to control for the past smoking behavior of individuals. 2SLS earnings estimates show that the smoking wage … significant wage gains for individuals that quit smoking, a finding that is of substantial interest, given the lack of evidence on …

; unpaid work ; promotion ; wage growth ; layoff …