The confirmation bias is a well-known form of motivated reasoning that serves to protect an individual from cognitive …. Because there is often systematic thought involved in generating the confirmation bias, deliberation tends to promote this … behavioral bias. Nevertheless, the importance of negative emotion in triggering the need for this bias is underappreciated. This …

data.The bias is procyclical and is reduced by more than 10% in recessions. We propose an algorithm that uses earnings and …

capacity constraints resulting in significant recall bias. We offer the first study that employs a less-costly, imputation … other contexts, including for other types of variables that suffer from similar recall bias, these results could open up a …

downward bias resulting from the partial observability of circumstances that affect individual outcome. We show that such … estimates may also suffer from upward bias as a consequence of sampling variance. The magnitude of the latter distortion depends … contributions, the upward bias may be significant and challenge the interpretation of inequality of opportunity estimates as lower …

many supervisors tend to assess the employees too good (leniency bias) and that the appraisals hardly vary across employees … of a certain supervisor (centrality bias). We explain these two biases in a model with a supervisor, who has preferences …

controlled for there is a further pervasive source of bias, namely the co-movement of firm employment and firm wages. In a simple … aggregate or firm level) to firm's employment and wages cause downward bias in OLS regression estimates of RTT. We show that the … long established procedures for dealing with "traditional" RTT bias do not circumvent the additional problem we have …

endogeneity and attrition/non-response bias, using two instrumental variables. Making use of a discrete instrument for the …