the English. In contrast, age specific mortality rates are similar in the two countries with an even higher risk among the … English after age 65. Our second aim explains large financial gradients in mortality in the two countries. Among 55-64 year … olds, we estimate similar health gradients in income and wealth in both countries, but for 70-80 year old, we find no …

evaluates the importance of major domains of childhood circumstances to health inequalities in the USA and China. We link two …-16 percent and 14-30 percent of health inequality in old age in China and the USA, respectively. Specifically, the contribution … of childhood circumstances to health inequality is larger in the USA than in China for self-rated health, mental health …

primarily the symptom of real declines in the health of near-elderly Americans, relative to their European peers. In particular …, we use a microsimulation approach to project what US longevity would look like, if US health trends approximated those in … Europe. We find that differences in health can explain most of the growing gap in remaining life expectancy. In addition, we …

mortality data, and contribute to two bodies of literature. First, we demonstrate a beneficial causal effect of education on … health and longevity in contrast to other twin-based studies of the US population, which show little or no effect of … education on health. Second, we present evidence that parents compensate for differences in their children's health endowments …

This paper uses sequential stochastic dominance procedures to compare the joint distribution of health and income … of income and health using procedures that are robust to aggregation techniques. The paper's approach is more general … than comparisons of health gradients and does not require the estimation of health equivalent incomes. We illustrate the …

Adverse conditions in early life can have consequential impacts on individuals' health in older age. In one of the … first papers on this topic, Barker and Osmond (1986) show a strong positive relationship between infant mortality rates in … average effects conceal underlying heterogeneity: we examine if the infant mortality effect offsets or reinforces one …

This paper investigates the returns to health care provision during the mortality transition. We construct a new panel … data set covering German municipalities from 1928 to 1936. The endogeneity of health care supply is addressed by using the … expulsion of Jewish physicians from statutory health insurance as exogenous variation in regional physician supply. Increases in …

-compulsory education level increased after the reform.In addition, we find that the reform decreases mortality while young (16-25) for both … genders while it increases mortality for middle age women (26-40). We provide evidence to proof that the latter increase is … partly explained by the deterioration of the health habits of affected women. Together, these results help explain the …

We examine causal links between energy consumption and health indicators (Mortality rate under-5, life expectancy … Wald tests with country specific bootstrap critical values. Our results show that health and energy consumption are … strongly linked in Africa. Unilateral causality is found from energy consumption to life expectancy and child under-5 mortality …

health and survival. But equal rates of growth often deliver unequal rates of poverty reduction and absolute deprivation is … for education, fertility and state health expenditure, and eliminated once we introduce controls for omitted trends …