How political office is remunerated will affect who decides to engage in politics. Even if average returns to office are positive, as unilaterally found in the literature, some office holders' returns are likely zero or negative. The timing of returns to office are crucial too, as politicians...

We estimate the effect of variable pay schemes on workplace absenteeism using two cross sections of British establishments. Private sector establishments that explicitly link pay with individual performance are found to have significantly lower absence rates. This effect is stronger for...

The aim of the current paper is to estimate the need for new PhDs in the Estonian academicsector for the 5-year period 2007-2012 using a survey of employers, such as universities,institutions of applied higher education and research institutes. The doctoral workforce in allcountries around the...

In this paper, we use 1991-2005 panel data on the unemployed, vacancies, inflow intounemployment, and outflow from unemployment in five former communist economies and inthe western part of Germany (a benchmark western economy) to examine the evolution ofunemployment together with that of inflows...

This paper considers the impact of education and training on both individual and co-workerpay and establishment performance using the matched employer-employee data in WERS2004, the panel dataset 1998-2004 and the new Financial Performance Questionnaire...<br<

We give an overview of the "German model" of industrial relations. We organize our review by focusing on the two pillars of the model: sectoral collective bargaining and firm-level codetermination. Relative to the United States, Germany outsources collective bargaining to the sectoral level,...

We use roster data of 96 top U.S. economics departments to document the academic origins of their tenure-track faculty. Academic origins may have implications for how undergraduate (B.A.) and doctoral (Ph.D.) students are trained and placed, as well as the type of research produced. We find that...

This paper presents a two-period “nutshell” model that explains the composition of labour demand when the labour market is dualistic and workers may be hired via permanent (P) or temporary (T) contracts. The model does not explain the level of labor demand, nor the wage of permanent workers,...

It has been claimed that many workers in modern economies think that their job is socially useless, i.e. that it makes no or a negative contribution to society. However, the evidence so far is mainly anecdotal. We use a representative dataset comprising 100,000 workers from 47 countries at four...