We implement a survey of Dutch households in which random subsets of respondents receive information about inflation …. The resulting exogenously generated variation in inflation expectations is used to assess how expectations affect … subsequent monthly consumption decisions relative to those in a control group. The causal effects of elevated inflation …

Carlo experiments, where we also study the estimation of the aggregate effects of micro and macro shocks. The paper … concludes with an empirical application to consumer price inflation in Germany, France and Italy, and re-examines the extent to … which ﾑobservedﾒ inflation persistence at the aggregate level is due to aggregation and/or common unobserved factors. Our …

due to nominal, but mostly real wage rigidity is substantial. The extent of real rigidity rises with inflation, whereas …, is most likely minimized in an environment with moderate inflation …

associated with significant differences in the response of inflation to unemployment and exchange rate shocks. More wage … coordination and higher union density flatten the Phillips curve and increase the inflation response to the real exchange rate, i …

state contingent inflation taxes/subsidies to smooth those rents. Hence, in the optimal Ramsey plan, inflation deviates from … zero and the optimal volatility of inflation is an increasing function of firing costs. The optimal rule should react to … employment alongside inflation …

Households' and firms' subjective inflation expectations play a central role in macroeconomic and intertemporal … microeconomic models. We discuss how subjective inflation expectations are measured, the patterns they display, their determinants …

As the pandemic spread across the U.S., disagreement among U.S. households about inflation expectations surged along … with the mean perceived and expected level of inflation. Simultaneously, the inflation experienced by households became … between the inflation experienced by households in their daily shopping and their perceived and expected levels of inflation …

account middle-inflation overestimate the impact of financial expectations …