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Escaping from Hunger Before WW1 : Nutrition and Living Standards in Western Europe and USA in the Late Nineteenth Century

Gazeley, Ian - 2017

We estimate calories available to workers' households in the USA, Belgium, Britain, France and Germany in 1890/1. We employ data from the United States Commissioner of Labor survey (see Haines, 1979) of workers in key export industries. We estimate that households in the USA, on average, had...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012946589

China'S Great Boom as a Historical Process

Brandt, Loren; Rawski, Thomas G. - 2021

Beginning in the late 1970s, China's economy delivered the largest growth spurt in recorded history. Striking … "China miracle" that requires neither economic nor historical analysis. This overlooks deep institutional constraints arising … decentralized innovation. Historic legacies that shape political structures and individual behavior will continue to influence China …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013314817

Gender-Targeted Job Ads in the Recruitment Process : Evidence from China

Kuhn, Peter Joseph - 2019

We document how explicit employer requests for applicants of a particular gender enter the recruitment process on a Chinese job board. We find that 95 percent of callbacks to gendered jobs are of the requested gender; worker self-selection ("compliance" with employers' requests) and employer...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012894550

The Household Budget Survey in Western Europe, 1795-1965

Gazeley, Ian - 2018

We trace the development of the household expenditure survey from its conception during the Napoleonic Wars until the 1960s. We have compiled the first historical bibliography of household budget surveys in Western Europe and, using the surveys themselves as source material, have traced the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012922458

Social Assistance in Five Countries in North-Western Europe

Hansen, Hans - 2016

In this paper, we calculate the disposable incomes in 2012 of three selected family types receiving social assistance in five countries in north-western Europe. We also calculate the net replacement rates for families receiving social assistance, calculated on the basis of the disposable incomes...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013002451

Hours Worked in Europe and the US : New Data, New Answers

Bick, Alexander - 2016

We use national labor force surveys from 1983 through 2011 to construct hours worked per person on the aggregate level and for different demographic groups for 18 European countries and the US. We find that Europeans work 19% fewer hours than US citizens. Differences in weeks worked and in the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012983896

We Were the Robots : Automation and Voting Behavior in Western Europe

Anelli, Massimo - 2019

We investigate the impact of robot adoption on electoral outcomes in 14 Western European countries, between 1993 and 2016. We employ both official election results at the district level and individual-level voting data, combined with party ideology scores from the Manifesto Project. We measure...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012865844

Effect of Immigration on Depression Among Older Natives in Western Europe

Escarce, José J. - 2019

To our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of immigration on the health of older natives. We use the Study of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to investigate whether immigration affects depression among natives 65-80 years old. Immigration may increase the supply and lower...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012857705

Clans, Guilds, and Markets : Apprenticeship Institutions and Growth in the Pre-Industrial Economy

De la Croix, David - 2016

In the centuries leading up to the Industrial Revolution, Western Europe gradually pulled ahead of other world regions in terms of technological creativity, population growth, and income per capita. We argue that superior institutions for the creation and dissemination of productive knowledge...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012995608

The Occupational Attainment of American Jewish Men in the Mid-19th Century

Chiswick, Barry R.; Robinson, RaeAnn H. - 2023

This paper is concerned with analyzing the occupational status of American Jewish men compared to other free men in the mid-19th century to help fill a gap in the literature. It does this by using the 1/100 microdata sample from the 1850 Census of Population, the first census to ask occupation....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014358183