two or more kids. Heterogeneity analysis suggests no causal effects of fertility on female employment among mothers with …We estimate the causal relationship between family size and labour market outcomes for families in low fertility and … low female employment regime. Family size is instrumented using twinning and gender composition of the first two children …

four decades, despite the fact that in the same period, women's education rapidly increased and fertility rates … at first birth as an instrumental variable to estimate the causal impact of fertility on participation of mothers in the … labor market, free of bias. It finds that having more children does not reduce women's employment. The paper discusses the …

positive effect of an instrument-induced increase in fertility on maternal employment driven by an increase in informal work …, informal child care, and informal employment opportunities prevail, find mixed results. Using Mexican census data, I find a … this complier-specific effect indicate that the response in informal employment is non-negative for the entire sample …

The relationship between fertility and employment among women is a challenging topic that requires further exploration … two-way relationship between women's employment and fertility in Turkey using a hazard approach with piece-wise constant … entry and exit from employment. The findings suggest that a two-way negative association exists between fertility and …

This paper examines the impact of male casualties due to World War II on fertility and female employment in the United … fertility, we provide evidence that county male casualties are positively related to 1950s female employment and household … counties in the U.S. experienced a Baby Boom following the war, we find that the increase in fertility was lower in high …

at aiding families. The outcomes of interest are female employment, gender gaps in earnings and fertility. We begin with …

fertility translates into a temporary increase in maternal employment … fertility and maternal labor supply. Identification is achieved by exploiting variation in the supply-side's incentives to … estimates show that a non-planned CD at parity one decreases life cycle fertility by almost 17 percent. This reduction in …

focus on how informal employment affects post-fertility labor supply behavior of mothers. We employ an instrumental variable …This paper presents new evidence on the causal relationship between fertility and female labor supply. We particularly …. We find that fertility causally affects female labor supply. After the first twin birth, female labor supply declines …

-low fertility and female labor force participation rates. This paper analyzes the effects of a large-scale provision of publicly … subsidized child care in Spain in the early 1990s, addressing the impact on mothers' short- and long-run employment outcomes (up …-targeting of this child-care expansion, our estimates show that the policy led to a sizable increase in employment (8%), and hours …