under the interaction of urbanization and industrialization. We applied an output-oriented BCC model to evaluate provincial … urbanization patterns and industrial development strategies should be adopted in different economic areas to enhance labor …

Fertility has begun to fall in Sub-Saharan Africa but it remains high on average and particularly for a few countries … demographic transition as modified by Caldwell. Special attention is paid to the economic status of women, urbanization, the …

by sub-regions, the magnitude of the colonial vestige in Africa is a significant determinant of emigration flows. Overall …

but positive in Africa. We suggest that amongst reasons why African women behave differently are that the conventional … non-employment. In Africa, there is a decline in paid employment which overwhelms the rise in self-employment and this is …

Africa. Five challenges resulting from this crisis are identified: a production challenge, an underutilization challenge, a …

In recent years, the private sector has been recognized as a key engine of Africa's economic development. Yet, the most … sector countries are concentrated in Western Africa (Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Niger, Senegal and Togo), Central Africa … (Cameroun, Republic of Congo) and Eastern Africa (Kenya, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania), with the addition of Mauritius. Countries …