a number of Central and Eastern European countries, Russia, and China. We use metadata from 33 studies of 10 transition …

Although the theoretical literature often uses lobbying and corruption synonymously, the empirical literature … associates lobbying with the preferred mean for exerting influence in developed countries and corruption with the preferred one … between bribing and lobbying. We test our predictions using survey data for about 6000 firms in 26 countries. Our results …

War II. Those against Iran and Russia are at present in focus for the discussion of sanctions, but also other countries as …

Though much has been written about annual income inequality in China, little research has been conducted on longer run … measures of income inequality and on income mobility. This paper compares income mobility of urban individuals in China and the … misleading indicators of long-run income inequality? How much income mobility was there in China in the first half of the 1990s …