How are the welfare costs from monopoly distributed across U.S. households? We answer this question for the U.S. credit … observed in the data. Welfare gains from competitive reforms in the 1970s are equivalent to a one-time transfer worth between 0 …. Transitioning from 1970 to 2016 levels of competition yields welfare gains equivalent to a one-time transfer worth between 1.87 and …

welfare losses – combining mortality and poverty and expressed in terms of life-years – depends both on the choice of poverty … low welfare weight on mortality, poorer countries are found to bear a greater welfare loss from the pandemic. When poverty … lines are set differently for poor, middle and high-income countries and/or a greater welfare weight is placed on mortality …

The success of the flat rate tax in Eastern Europe suggests that this concept could also be a model for the welfare … allowance yields positive static welfare effects amounting to approximately 1.8 per cent of income tax revenue but increases … problematic distributional impact, flat tax reforms are unlikely to spill over to the welfare states of Western Europe. …

The success of the flat rate tax in Eastern Europe suggests that this concept could also be amodel for the welfare …

social welfare. …

This paper disentangles the distributional and welfare impact of price changes since the start of the cost of living … crisis for a subset of European countries with different welfare regimes and price changes. It decomposes the impact of … inflation and measures welfare changes using the compensating variation and equivalent incomes in a cross-national comparative …

the generosity of welfare state programs— increasing happiness going with increasing generosity and declining happiness … social capital, improve the environment, expand welfare state programs. Each of these has point-of-time (cross …-series evidence that supports the importance of welfare state policies. …