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in Southern Germany), in which the French occupation zone prevented the entry of German expellees after 1945, whereas the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012322523
East and West Germany were far from being randomly selected treatment and control groups. First, the later border is … occupying forces affected East and West differently. Third, a selective fifth of the population fled from East to West Germany …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012207713
Political networks are an important feature of the political and economic landscape of countries. Despite their ubiquity and significance, information on such networks has proven hard to collect due to a pervasive lack of transparency. However, with the advent of big data and artificial...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012207784
Although formal education is often considered an indicator of political leaders' quality, the evidence on the effectiveness of educated leaders is mixed. Besides, minimum education qualifications are increasingly being used as requirements for contesting elections, making it critical to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013351817
The monopoly position of the public bureaucracy in providing public services allows government employees to acquire rents. Those rents can involve higher wages, monetary and non-monetary fringe benefits (e.g. pensions and staffing), and/or bribes. We propose a direct measure to capture the total...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010267660
Using a unique dataset of German members of parliament with information on total earnings including outside income, this paper analyzes the politicians' wage gap (PWG). After controlling for observable characteristics as well as accounting for selection into politics, we find a positive PWG...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010278400
This article examines the role of business in the historical development of job security regulations in Germany from …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010269936
social capital as measured by interpersonal and institutional trust in post-reunification Germany. We estimate the economic …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011307452
There exists a persistent disagreement in the literature over the effect of business cycles on economic growth. This paper offers a solution to this disagreement, suggesting that volatility carries a positive direct effect, but also a negative indirect effect, operating through the insurance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010328920
There exists a persistent disagreement in the literature over the effect of business cycles on economic growth. This paper offers a solution to this disagreement, suggesting that volatility carries a positive direct effect, but also a negative indirect effect, operating through the insurance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959641