In May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price on alcohol. We examine the impact of this policy on traffic … other predictors of alcohol consumption or cross-border effects. A brief discussion of the policy implications of our …

We show that tax-induced increases in alcohol prices can lead to substantial substitution and avoidance behavior that … limits reductions in alcohol consumption. Causal estimates are derived from a natural experiment in Illinois where spirits … construct representative and consistent measures of alcohol prices and sales from scanner data collected for hundreds of …

magnitudes. I estimate social and externality benefits of influenza vaccination in two settings. First, using a natural … examine a setting with large potential externality benefits: vaccination mandates for health care workers. I find that the … social benefits of vaccination are substantial, most of benefits operate through an externality, and that the benefits of …

externality can nevertheless mitigate the resulting distortion. The reason is that wages above the market clearing level are only …

externality can nevertheless mitigate the resulting distortion. The reason is that wages above the market clearing level are only …

enforcement seem to have been the main channels behind the lack of an impact. We find no externality on a wide range of domains …, from alcohol consumption to criminal activities other than drink driving. …

The presence of a heavy truck on the road can impose an externality if accidents occur that would not have otherwise … the road. This negative externality falls on all road users through higher car insurance premiums: one truck, driving for …

assumption is that the effect of the externality will be perfectly reflected by house price differentials. This is based on the …