We extend the analysis of early-emerging gender differences in academic achievement to include both (objective) test … favoring girls, and that the misalignment of grades and test scores can be linked to gender differences in non … strongest evidence of a gender gap appearing among whites. However, boys in all racial categories across all subject areas are …

Children of immigrant parents constitute a growing share of school cohorts in many OECD countries, and their … and second generation non- OECD immigrants in Norway. We show that children of immigrants, and particularly those born … outside Norway, are much more likely to leave school early than native children. Importantly, this gap shrunk sharply over the …

The existence of gender gaps in test scores has been documented in the relevant literature for a wide range of … across regions within the same country are crucial determinants in understanding gender differences in PISA 2009 test scores …: girls perform relatively better in both maths and reading in societies where gender equality is enhanced, and the effect …

analysis methods, to measure the representation of skin color, race, gender, and age in award-winning children's books widely …Books shape how children learn about society and norms, in part through representation of different characters. We … books, even after conditioning on race; we also find that children are depicted with lighter skin than adults on average …

This paper analyzes the source of the gender gap in third grade numeracy and reading. We adopt an Oaxaca …-Blinder approach and decompose the gender gap in educational achievement into endowment and response components. Our estimation relies … on unusually rich panel data from the Longitudinal Survey of Australian Children in which information on child …

women. The policy equalizes the educational attainment of urban and rural children substantially. The urban-rural gap in the … evidence of a narrowing gender gap with the policy. On the contrary, the gender gap in urban areas in post-compulsory schooling …-force participation rate, bring about this widening gender gap. …

differences in achievement into gender differences in endowments and returns to IQ and non-cognitive factors. This descriptive … resources and take similar advantage of these resources. Our findings indicate that gender differences in resources with respect …

presence of gifted peers in all subjects regardless of their gender, whereas female students seem to benefit primarily from the …