In this paper, we elaborate a formula for determining the optimal strike price for a bond put option, used to hedge a position in a bond. This strike price is optimal in the sense that it minimizes, for a given budget, either Value-at-Risk or Tail Value-at-Risk. Formulas are derived for both...

In this paper, we study the price of Variable Annuity Guarantees, particularly those of Guaranteed Annuity Options (GAO) and Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit (GMIB), in the settings of a derivative pricing model where the underlying spot (the fund) is locally governed by a geometric Brownian...

Even in case of the Brownian motion as most natural rate of return model it appears too difficult to obtain analytic expressions for most risk measures of constant continuous annuities. In literature the so-called comonotonic approximations have been proposed but these still require the...